This video from music theory YouTuber Adam Neely deals with the idea of “musical fractals”—melodies whose individual pitches are made up of the greater melody itself. It’s a bit hard to describe, but it is super interesting to see how music can essentially be made of smaller versions of itself with the help of just a bit of math. Neely also does a great job of explaining how this works, and it is fairly simple to understand, even if you don’t have a strong sense of musical literacy.